Vol. I--RO Chemistry
Origin of Water Contaminants
Suspended Solids/ParticlesCoagulation
The Atom
Electron Shells
Periodic Table
Atomic Number and Atomic Weights
The Water Molecule
When Salts Dissolve Into Ions
The Mole
Concentrations
TSS and TDS
pH and Water Dissociation
Alkalinity
Chlorine and Chloramine
Filtration
RO/NF Pore Theory and Ion Hydration
RO/NF Diffusion
Crossflow
Boundary Layer
Filter Fouling and Pressure Drop
Semipermeable Membranes
Reverse Osmosis and Driving Pressure
ROMembraneTypes- CA
Polyamide Thin -Film Membrane

Vol. II--RO Basics
Flat Sheet Membrane and Plate- and -Frame Systems
Tubular Membrane Configuration
Hollow Fiber Configuration
Spiral Wound Configuration
Spiral Wound Element Operation
Pressure Vessels/Housings
End Caps and Thrust Rings
Plumbing/Manifolding
Shims
RO System Staging
RO System Valving
Two -Pass RO
Centrifugal Pumps
Piston Pumps
RO Installation
RO Variables and Instruments
Permeate Recovery
Permeate Flux
Minimum Concentrate Flow Rate
Concentrate Recycle
Valve Adjustments
Startup and Shutdown
Replacing O-rings
Replacing Spiral Wound Elements
Fouling
Scale Formation
Membrane Deterioration- PA
Membrane Deterioration

Vol. III--RO Monitoring
Silt Density Index (SDI)
Turbidity
Monitoring Chlorine
Monitoring Hardness
Streaming Current Detector
Iron and Manganese
Aluminum
Hydrogen Sulfide
Scale-Forming Anions
Scale Inhibitors
Pressures
Flow Rates
Data Collection
Sampling for pH/Conductivity
Salt Rejection
RO System Pressure Drop
Normalized Pressure Drop
Normalized Permeate Flow Rate
Graphing/Trending
Mass Balance Check
Flow Meter Calibration
Pressure Gauge Calibration
pH and Conductivity/TDS Meter Calibration
Individual Ion Rejection
Profiling an RO Array
Probing a Pressure Vessel/Housing
Individual Element Testing
Membrane Element Autopsy

Vol. IV--RO Cleaning
Nature of Soap
Cleaning Solutions
Acidic Solutions
Alkaline Solutions
pH Extremes
Surfactants/Detergents
Chelating Agents
Oils and Grease
Biofilm
Debris
Removing Iron/Manganese
Removing Sulfate Scale
Removing Silica
Cleaning Frequency
Cleaning Solution Volume
Cleaning Flow Rates
Cleaning Pressures
Cleaning Time
Rinse Up
Cleaning Data Collection
Foaming
Evaluating a Cleaning
Post-cleaning Procedures
Tank and Pump Sizing
Mixing
Temperature Control
Cleaning Filtration
Individual Element Cleaning

Vol. V--RO Pretreatment
Lime Treatment
Coagulants
Flocculation
Gravity Filtration
Purpose of Pretreatment
Backflow Preventer
Temperature Control
Degassification/Decarbonation
Multimedia Filters
Removal of Iron/Manganese
Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration
Filtration Aids
Nature of Activated Carbon
Activated Carbon Media
Chlorine Removal with Activated Carbon
Activated Carbon Maintenance
Reducing Agents
Chlorine Removal by UV
Acid Injection
Scale Inhibitors
Anti-foulants
Ion Exchange and Softening
Softening Capacity
Softening Design
Softener Regeneration
Softener Maintenance
Cartridge Filter Design
Cartridge Filter Maintenance

Vol. VI--RO Biological Control
Nature of Biological Problems
Bacteria
Bacteria Reproduction
Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria
Heterotrophic Bacteria
Algae
Fungus
Bacterial Adaptation
Biofilm
Plate-Count Methods
Packaged Monitors
Characterization Methods
Iron-Related Bacteria
RO Bacterial Monitoring
Sampling for Bacteria
Endotoxin
Controlling Bacteria Upstream
UV Sanitization
Organic Carbon
Shutdowns
Osmotic Shock
Surface Active Agents
Design Considerations
Bacterial Killing Terminology
Oxidizers
Other Biocides
Applying Sanitizers
High Temperature Sanitization

Volume VII. RO System Analysis and Design.
Water Characterization 
Fouling Potential 
Biological Activity 
Optimizing RO System Parameters 
Langelier Saturation Index 
Optimizing pH 
Solubility Products 
Dissolved Silica 
Membrane Element Choice 
Membrane Housings 
Permeate Flux 
Optimizing the Number of Elements & Housings 
Array Staging 
Optimizing Crossflow Rates 
Optimizing the Array 
Minimizing Pressure Losses 
Optimizing Permeate Quality 
Array Evaluation 
Calculating Membrane Pressure 
Two-Pass RO System Analysis 
Contractablity/Expandability 
Frame 
Optimizing the High Pressure Pump 
Throttle Valves 
Pipe Manifolding 
RO System Instrumentation 
Controls and Alarms 
Installation 

Volume VIII. RO Troubleshooting. 
Confirming a Problem
Approaching an RO Problem
Inlet Water Evaluation
SDI for Troubleshooting
Isolating a Rejection Decline
Using Individual Ion Rejections
Lead End Rejection Decline
Tail End Salt Rejection Decline
Isolated Salt Rejection Decline
Uniform Salt Rejection Decline
Draining During Shutdowns
Unusual Salt Rejection Pattern
Effect of Fouling/Scale on Rejection
Troubleshooting Fouling
Isolating a Change in NPD/NPF
Lead-End Fouling
Tail-End Fouling/Scale Formation
Other Reasons for a Loss in NPF
Nature of Biological Fouling
Isolating a Biological Problem
Characterizing a Microbial Problem
Upstream Biological Activity
Controlling Anaerobic Bacteria
Cleaning & Sanitizing Biological Foulants
Continuous Biocides & Shock Treatments
On-Site Analytical Methods
Off-Site Tools

Vol. IX--Ion Exchange
The Atom
Electron Stability and Charge
Periodic Table
The Water Molecule
When Salts Dissolve
Concentrations
pH, Water Dissociation, & Alkalinity
Ion Exchange Resin Beads
Resin Polymerization
Cation Resin
Anion Resin
Macroreticular Resins
Chemical Equilibrium
Ion Displacement
Resin Regeneration
Hardness and Softening
Two-Bed Ion Exchange
Weak-Acid/Base Ion Exchange
Mixed-Bed Ion Exchange
Primary vs Polishing
Performance Monitoring
Regeneration Frequency
Regenerant Chemicals
Single-Bed Regeneration
Countercurrent Regeneration
Mixed-Bed Regeneration
Silica and Boron Removal
Maximum Water Quality

Vol. X--EDI (Electrically-Driven Processes)
TDS, Conductivity, Resistivity
Scale Formation Potential
Nature of Electricity
Electrochemistry
Electrolysis
Ion Migration
Ion Exchange Membrane
Electrodialysis
Faraday's Law
EDR Cell
Concentrate Recycle
Electrodes
Concentrate Concentration
Electrodialysis Reversal
Removal of Organics/Suspended Solids
Electrodeionization
Water Splitting
EDI Process
pH Polarization
EDI Design
Valve And System Adjustments
Data Collection
Monitoring Pressures and Flow Rates
Resistance and Voltage
Electrical Efficiency
Cleaning
EDI Sanitization

Vol. XI--High-Purity Water 

Nature of HPW Contaminants
High-Purity Water Production
Materials of Construction
TOC Removal
Bacteria Contamination
Dissolved Gases
Storage Tanks
Tank Components
Henry's and Dalton's Laws
Nitrogen Blankets
Hydrophobic Membrane Degasification
Distribution Pumps
HPW Polishing Ion Exchange
Silica Removal
Boron Removal
Distribution Piping
UV Sanitization
UV Design
TOC-Destruct UV
Ozone
Sanitizing Distribution Systems
Final Filtration
Filter Modifications
Integrity Testing
Ultrafiltration

Vol. XVII--Boiler Water Chemistry
TDS, Conductivity, Resistivity
Nature of Boilers
Steam
Ideal Gas Behavior & Steam Saturation
Boiler Packaged Designs
Boiler System Options
Chemical Treatment History
Corrosion and pH
Galvanic Corrosion
Oxygen Pits
Raising the Alkalinity
Volatile Amines Control
Amine Options
Base Strength vs. Phase Distribution
Filming Amines
Deaeration
Hydrazine
Hydrazine Substitutes
Sulfites
Oxidizing Chemistry
Redox Cycling
Scale Formation
Heat Transfer Surfaces
Blowdown
Make-up Water Quality
Scale Inhibition
Phosphate Treatment
Origin of Water Contaminants
The Atom
Electron Stability
Periodic Table
Water Molecule
When Salts Dissolve
The Mole Quantity
Concentrations
pH and Water Dissociation
Alkalinity